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50 Must-Know Japanese Phrases for Daily Life

Phrases are where language actually lives. Individual words are building blocks, but phrases are what you use in the moment when you're ordering food, asking for directions, or just getting through a conversation. These 50 phrases are organized by situation so you can study the ones you'll actually use first.

Meeting People and Introductions

The phrases you need when meeting someone for the first time or running into someone you know.

はじめましてはじめまして
hajimemashiteNice to meet you (first meeting)
よろしくお願いしますよろしくおねがいします
yoroshiku onegaishimasuPlease be kind to me / Looking forward to working with you
お名前は何ですかおなまえはなんですか
o-namae wa nan desu kaWhat is your name?
私は〜ですわたしは〜です
watashi wa ~ desuI am ~ (fill in your name or description)
お元気ですかおげんきですか
o-genki desu kaHow are you? (polite)
元気です、ありがとうげんきです、ありがとう
genki desu, arigatouI'm fine, thank you
どちらから来ましたかどちらからきましたか
dochira kara kimashita kaWhere are you from?
〜から来ました〜からきました
~ kara kimashitaI'm from ~

Asking Questions and Getting Help

When you need help or information, these phrases get you there. They work in stores, on the street, at hotels.

〜はどこですか〜はどこですか
~ wa doko desu kaWhere is ~?
〜をください〜をください
~ o kudasaiPlease give me ~ / I'd like ~
わかりませんわかりません
wakarimasenI don't understand
日本語があまり上手じゃないですにほんごがあまりじょうずじゃないです
nihongo ga amari jouzu ja nai desuMy Japanese isn't very good
ゆっくり話してくださいゆっくりはなしてください
yukkuri hanashite kudasaiPlease speak slowly
もう一度言ってくださいもういちどいってください
mou ichido itte kudasaiPlease say that again
英語が話せますかえいごがはなせますか
eigo ga hanasemasu kaCan you speak English?
助けてくださいたすけてください
tasukete kudasaiPlease help me

Shopping Phrases

Japan has incredible shopping. These phrases work in department stores, markets, konbini, and everywhere in between.

いくらですかいくらですか
ikura desu kaHow much is this?
これをくださいこれをください
kore o kudasaiI'll take this / Please give me this
試着してもいいですかしちゃくしてもいいですか
shichaku shite mo ii desu kaMay I try this on?
他の色はありますかほかのいろはありますか
hoka no iro wa arimasu kaDo you have other colors?
袋は要りませんふくろはいりません
fukuro wa irimasenI don't need a bag
カードで払えますかかーどではらえますか
kaado de haraemasu kaCan I pay by card?
見ているだけですみているだけです
mite iru dake desuI'm just looking
これは何ですかこれはなんですか
kore wa nan desu kaWhat is this?

Dining Out Phrases

Japanese restaurant culture has its own vocabulary and phrases. These will get you through ordering, dietary needs, and getting the check.

一人ですひとりです
hitori desuJust one person (for seating)
〜名です〜めいです
~ mei desuParty of ~ (number of people)
メニューをくださいめにゅーをください
menyuu o kudasaiPlease bring the menu
これをくださいこれをください
kore o kudasaiI'll have this (pointing at menu)
おすすめは何ですかおすすめはなんですか
osusume wa nan desu kaWhat do you recommend?
おいしいですおいしいです
oishii desuThis is delicious
お会計をくださいおかいけいをください
o-kaikei o kudasaiCheck please
ベジタリアンですべじたりあんです
bejitarian desuI am vegetarian

Travel and Transportation

Japan's train system is world-class, but navigating it requires some vocabulary. These phrases also work for taxis and at airports.

〜駅はどこですか〜えきはどこですか
~ eki wa doko desu kaWhere is ~ station?
〜まで一枚ください〜までいちまいください
~ made ichimai kudasaiOne ticket to ~ please
何番線ですかなんばんせんですか
nanban-sen desu kaWhich platform is it?
次の電車は何時ですかつぎのでんしゃはなんじですか
tsugi no densha wa nanji desu kaWhat time is the next train?
〜まで行ってください〜までいってください
~ made itte kudasaiPlease take me to ~ (taxi)
この電車は〜に止まりますかこのでんしゃは〜にとまりますか
kono densha wa ~ ni tomarimasu kaDoes this train stop at ~?
乗り換えはどこですかのりかえはどこですか
norikae wa doko desu kaWhere do I transfer?
荷物を預けられますかにもつをあずけられますか
nimotsu o azukeraremasu kaCan I store my luggage?

Polite Phrases for Social Situations

Japanese culture values politeness, and these set phrases come up constantly in social contexts.

いただきますいただきます
itadakimasuLet's eat (said before a meal)
ごちそうさまでしたごちそうさまでした
gochisousama deshitaThank you for the meal (said after eating)
お先に失礼しますおさきにしつれいします
o-saki ni shitsurei shimasuExcuse me for leaving first (when leaving work before others)
お疲れ様でしたおつかれさまでした
o-tsukare sama deshitaGood work / You've worked hard
いってきますいってきます
itte kimasuI'm off / See you later (when leaving home)
いってらっしゃいいってらっしゃい
itte rasshaiHave a good trip / Take care (response to ittekimasu)
おじゃましますおじゃまします
ojama shimasuSorry to intrude (said when entering someone's home)
失礼しましたしつれいしました
shitsurei shimashitaExcuse me / I apologize for my rudeness

How to Use These Phrases Naturally

Learning phrases by category is great, but the key to sounding natural is using the right phrase for the right formality level. A quick tip: when you're unsure whether to use the polite or casual form, go polite. Japanese people will appreciate the effort and will never be offended by politeness. The phrases above are mostly in polite form (with です and ます) which is safe for most situations. As you get more comfortable, you'll start naturally dropping the formal endings with close friends. Another thing: don't worry about silence. Japanese culture is comfortable with pauses in conversation. You don't need to fill every gap.

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